Po redaktohet International Phonetic Alphabet (paragraf)

==== Iconicity ====
The graphic derivation of letters and diacritics may be iconic
:
* A rightward-facing hooked tail, as in {{angbr IPA|ʈ ɖ ɳ ɽ ʂ ʐ ɻ ɭ&thinsp;}}, indicates [[retroflex]] articulation. It originates from the hooked arm of an ''r''.
* The top hook, as in {{angbr IPA|ɠ ɗ ɓ}}, indicates [[glottalic ingressive|implosion]].
* Several [[nasal consonant]]s are based on the form {{angbr IPA|n}}: {{angbr IPA|n ɲ ɳ ŋ}}. {{angbr IPA|ɲ}} and {{angbr IPA|ŋ}} derive from [[Typographic ligature|ligatures]] of ''gn'' and ''ng,'' and {{angbr IPA|ɱ}} is an ''ad hoc'' imitation of {{angbr IPA|ŋ}}.
* Among consonant letters, the [[small capital]] letters {{angbr IPA|ɢ ʜ ʟ ɴ ʀ ʁ}}, and also {{angbr IPA|ꞯ}} in [[extIPA]], indicate more [[guttural]] sounds than their base letters{{snd}}{{angbr IPA|ʙ}}<!--for the bilabial trill--> is a late exception. Among vowel letters, the small capitals {{angbr IPA|ɪ ʏ ʊ}} indicate what had originally been considered more [[lax vowel|lax]] articulations than their base letters; {{angbr IPA|ʊ}} had originally been {{angbr IPA|ᴜ}}.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|International Phonetic Association|1899|p=38}}</ref> Again, small-cap {{angbr IPA|ɶ}} is a late exception.
* The [[tone letter#IPA|tone letters]] derive from a [[Tone (linguistics)|pitch trace]] on a [[musical scale]].