Po redaktohet Tabula Peutingeriana (paragraf)

==Map description==
The ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' is thought to be the only known surviving map of the Roman ''[[cursus publicus]]'', the state-run road network. The surviving map itself was created by a monk in [[Colmar]] in modern-day [[Grand Est|eastern France]] in 1265.<ref name="euratlas">{{harvnb|Nussli}}</ref> The map consists of an enormous [[scroll (parchment)|scroll]] measuring 6.75 metres long and 0.35 metres high,<ref name=":0" /> assembled from eleven sections, a [[Middle Ages|medieval]] reproduction of the original scroll.

[[Image:TabulaPeutingeriana Roma.jpg|thumb|250px|Rome.]]
It is a very schematic map (similar to a modern [[transit map]]), designed to give a practical overview of the road network, as opposed to an accurate representation of [[Geographical feature|geographic features]]: the [[Landmass|land masses]] shown are distorted, especially in the east–west direction. The map shows many Roman settlements and the roads connecting them, as well as other features such as rivers, mountains, forests and seas. The distances between settlements are also given. In total no fewer than 555 cities and 3,500 other place names are shown on the map.<ref>{{harvnb|Lendering|2016}}</ref> The three most important cities of the Roman Empire at the time – [[Rome]], [[Constantinople]] and [[Antioch]] – are represented with special iconic decoration.

Besides the totality of the empire, the map also shows areas in the [[Near East]], India and the Ganges, [[Sri Lanka]] (''Insula Taprobane''), and even an indication of [[China]]. It also shows a "Temple to [[Augustus]]" at [[Muziris]] (present day [[Kodungallur]]) on the modern-day [[Malabar Coast]], one of the main ports for trade with the Roman Empire on the [[Coastal South West India|southwest coast of India]].<ref>{{harvnb|Ball|2000|p=123}}.</ref> On the western end of the scroll, the absence of [[Morocco]], the [[Iberian Peninsula]], and the [[British Isles]] indicates that a twelfth original section has been lost in the surviving copy; the missing section was reconstructed in 1898 by [[Konrad Miller]].<ref>{{harvnb|Talbert|2010|p=189}}</ref>

The map appears to be based on [[itinerarium|"itineraries"]], lists of destinations along Roman roads, as the distances between points along the routes are indicated.<ref>Not all the stages are between towns: sometimes a crossroads marks the staging point.</ref> Travelers would not have possessed anything so sophisticated as a modern map, but they needed to know what lay ahead of them on the road and how far. The Peutinger Table represents these roads as a series of stepped lines along which destinations have been marked in order of travel. The shape of the parchment pages accounts for the conventional rectangular layout. However, a rough similarity to the coordinates of [[Ptolemy]]'s earth-mapping gives some writers hope that some terrestrial representation was intended by the unknown original compilers.

The stages and cities are represented by hundreds of functional place symbols, used with discrimination from the simplest icon of a building with two towers to the elaborate individualized "portraits" of the three great cities. The editors Annalina and Mario Levi concluded that the semi-schematic, semi-pictorial symbols reproduce Roman cartographic conventions of the ''itineraria picta'' described by 4th-century writer [[Vegetius]],<ref>Vegetius' "''...viarum qualitas, compendia, diverticula, montes, flumina ad fidem descripta'' suggest a more detailed "pictorial itinerary" than either the [[Antonine Itinerary]] or the ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' offers.</ref> of which this is the sole known testimony.